To tackle the problem, NIST scientist Vladimir Aksyuk and his colleagues combined two chip-scale technologies: Integrated photonic circuits, which use tiny transparent channels and other microscale components to guide light and a source of unconventional optics known as an optical metasurface. Yet many quantum technologies, including miniature optical atomic clocks and some future quantum computers, will require simultaneous access to multiple, widely varying laser colors within a small region of space. Typically, a laboratory bench as big as a dining room table is required to house the assortment of lenses, polarizers, mirrors, and other apparatus required to manipulate even a single beam of laser light. The ability to tailor those properties using a single chip is essential for fabricating a new class of portable sensors that could measure such fundamental quantities as rotation, acceleration, time, and magnetic fields with unprecedented accuracy - outside the confines of a laboratory. Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed chip-scale devices for simultaneously manipulating the color, focus, direction of travel, and polarization of multiple beams of laser light.
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